BRAIN COMPUTER

BRAIN COMPUTER

A Brain Computer Interface is a device that enables people to interact with computer based systems through conscious control o0f their thoughts. BCI is any system that can derive meaningful information directly from the user’s brain activity in real time. The current and most important application of BCI is the restoration of communication channel for patients with locked-in-syndrome. Most current BCI’s are not invasive. The electrodes pick up the brain’s electrical activity and carry it into amplifiers. These amplifiers amplify the signal approximately ten thousand times and then pass the signal via an analog to digital converter to a computer for processing. The computer processes the EEG signal and uses it in order to accomplish tasks such as communication and environmental control.

Download full Seminar Report : Brain Computer.doc

BLAST

BLAST

BLAST is a wireless communications technique which uses multi-element antennas at both transmitter and receiver to permit transmission rates far in excess of those possible using conventional approaches.

In wireless systems, radio waves do not propagate simply from transmit antenna to receive antenna, but bounce and scatter randomly off objects in the environment. This scattering known as multipath, as it results in multiple copies (“images”) of the transmitted sign arriving at the receiver via different scattered paths. In conventional wireless system multipath represents a significant impediment to accurate transmission, because the image arrive at the receiver at slightly different times and can thus interfere destructively, canceling each other out. For this reason, multipath is traditionally viewed as a serious impairment. Using the BLAST approach however, it is possible to exploit multipath, that is, to use the scattering characteristics of the propagation environment to enhance, rather than degrade transmission accuracy by treating the multiplicity of scattering paths as separate parallel sub channels.

Dowanload Full seminar report : Blast.doc

Challenges in the Migration to 4G

Challenges in the Migration to 4G

With the rapid development of wireless communication networks, it is expected that fourth generation mobile systems will be launched within decades. 4G mobile systems focus on seamlessly integrating the existing wireless technologies including GSM, wireless LAN, and Bluetooth. This contrasts with 3G, which merely focuses on developing new standards and hardware. 4G systems will support comprehensive and personalized services, providing stable system performance and quality of service. However migrating current systems to 4G presents enormous challenges. In this seminar these challenges are discussed under the headings of mobile station, system and service aspects. Proposed solutions to the research problems in each aspect will also be examined.

Download full report here : Challenges in the Migration to 4G